![]() The classical Hollywood cinema has a very distinct style, sometimes called the institutional mode of representation: continuity editing, massive coverage, three-point lighting, "mood" music, dissolves, all designed to make the experience as pleasant as possible. Two examples of ideological interpretations that are related to formalism are the classical Hollywood cinema and film noir. Formalism is primarily concerned with style and how it communicates ideas, emotions, and themes (rather than, as critics of formalism point out, concentrating on the themes of a work itself). Ideologues focus on how socio-economic pressures create a particular style, and auteurists on how auteurs put their own stamp on the material. ![]() In both these cases, the common denominator for formalist criticism is style. All of these elements, in combination rather than individually, create tension.įormalism is unique in that it embraces both ideological and auteurist branches of criticism. The shoot-out that ends Sergio Leone's Spaghetti Western Dollars Trilogy is a notable example of how these elements work together to produce an effect: the shot selection goes from very wide to very close and tense the length of shots decreases as the sequence progresses towards its end the music builds. Or one might consider the synthesis of several elements, such as editing, shot composition, and music. A formalist might study how standard Hollywood " continuity editing" creates a more comforting effect and non-continuity or jump cut editing might become more disconcerting or volatile. For example, take the single element of editing. Today, it is a major approach in film studies.įormalism, at its most general, considers the synthesis (or lack of synthesis) of the multiple elements of film production, and the effects, emotional and intellectual, of that synthesis and of the individual elements. ![]() This approach was proposed by Hugo Münsterberg, Rudolf Arnheim, Sergei Eisenstein, and Béla Balázs. ( February 2008) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message)įormalist film theory is an approach to film theory that is focused on the formal or technical elements of a film: i.e., the lighting, scoring, sound and set design, use of color, shot composition, and editing. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. ![]()
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